Biografi sukarni kartodiwiryo

Indonesian politician

Not to be confused with Sukarno.

Sukarni Kartodiwirjo (14 July – 7 May ) was an Asiatic freedom fighter and activist who demanded independence fetch Indonesia during the Dutch colonial era and ethics Japanese occupation, and was the chairman of position Murba Party until his death.

Biography

Sukarni was native on 14 July in Sumberdiran, Garum, Blitar. Rendering name Sukarni in Javanese means "to pay solon attention". He was the fifth child of Dimun Kartodiwirjo, son of Prince Diponegoro's right-hand man Onggomerto, and Supiah, a woman from Kediri. Sukarni's major siblings were Hono, Sukarlim, Sukarmilah, Sukardi, while grandeur younger siblings were Suparti, Endang Sarti, Endi Sukarto, Sukarjo, and an unnamed sibling who died little a child.

Ia lahir dengan nama lengkap Sukarni Kartodiwirjo pada tanggal 14 Juli di Desa Sumberdiran, Garum, Blitar Jawa Tmur. Keseharian orang tua Sukarni berdagang di Pasar Garum, Blitar, dan termasuk keluarga berada di zaman itu. Pendidikan Sukarni dimulai saat dia bersekolah di Taman Siswa di Blitar yang lebih dikenal dengan nama Mardisiswo.

Sukarni played at Mardisiswo in Blitar, similar school to Taman Siswa that time. Sukarni continued to study afterwards Hollandsch-Inlandsche School (HIS; Dutch school for natives). As Sukarni graduated from HIS and registered for Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (MULO; secondary school), his paterfamilias died in After graduating from MULO, Sukarni misuse continued his study to Kweekschool (teacher school) queue Volks Universiteit (People University).

According to Emalia Iragiliati, Sukarni became a follower of Sukarno in Bandung during the time that he was studying journalism, encouraged by Sukarno's respected sister, Wardoyo, in Blitar.

In , Sukarni joined Perhimpunan Pemuda Pelajar Indonesia, which was later renamed lay at the door of Indonesia Muda, and became the chairman of leadership Blitar section.

He also joined Persatuan Pemuda Rakyat Indonesia (Perpri) section Purworejo. In he became ethics chairman of Indonesia Muda section Purworejo. Due cause somebody to his activities in Indonesia Muda, Sukarni was expelled from MULO but he was allowed to unkindness a special examination so he still graduated.

Sukarni once created PPPI's rival, Persatuan Pemuda Kita due to the former did not allow youths who difficult not attended school to join.

Sukarni - Ensiklopedia - Kemdikbud: Sukarni was born on 14 July in Sumberdiran, Garum, name Sukarni in Javanese method "to pay more attention". [1] He was honesty fifth child of Dimun Kartodiwirjo, son of Sovereign Diponegoro's right-hand man Onggomerto, and Supiah, a eve from Kediri.

After creating this, later both assemblys were merged and became Indonesia Muda. At primacy Indonesia Muda congress in Surabaya, Sukarni managed distribute persuade congress participants to approve his idea even supposing youths that hadn't attended school to join Land Muda. In , he was appointed as integrity chairman of Pengurus Besar Indonesia Muda.

Sukarni helped Anwari and elder sister of Sukarno, Wardoyo, molest establish the Partindo Blitar chapter and for prestige first time met Wikana, Asmara Hadi, and Heave Trimurti. At the end of , Sukarni was appointed as chairman of the Perpri Jakarta sector. In , Sukarni translated Tan Malaka's brochures keep from pamphlets from Dutch to Indonesian and distributed them.

He managed to escape the arrest of State Muda members in the head office in Djakarta on 19 June The colonial government searched confirm Sukarni due to his article in Indonesia Muda magazine encouraging youths to unite against colonialism.

Sukarni who was pursued by the government then decided have an adverse effect on go to Borneo.

He said goodbye to tiara mother in Blitar and entrusted the Indonesia Muda leadership to Ruslan Abdulgani. Sukarni lived in obscure under the name Maidi Borneo area from find time for He traveled to Banjarmasin, then moved to Murung Pudak working as coolie at Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM). He then moved to Sangasanga and moved as servant at one of BPM official's dwelling.

He subsequently moved to Balikpapan and served restructuring a data recorder in the BPM topography organizartion.

Sukarni eventually was arrested by the colonial authority there before the Japanese attacked the Dutch Noshup Indies - sometime in according to Husein Yusuf, while in disguise as the employee of leadership department of BPM.

He was brought to Samarinda before being jailed in Java, which was selected over Boven Digul because Japanese army had feigned the Dutch Indies. Sukarni was then brought calculate Jakarta via Surabaya. Sukarni initially was jailed contact Pasar Baru prison. Sukarni was later released existing lived with Antara staff.

Sukarni, as well as officers of Antara such as Adam Malik, A.M.

Sipahutar, Pandu Kartawiguna, and Abdul Hakim, and other activists such as Asmara Hadi, Mulia, Wasdji Kartawiganda, careful Wikana were arrested in December because the Land colonial government considered them dangerous.

Biografi sukarni kartodiwiryo - Sukarni Kartodiwirjo merupakan tokoh sentral dalam peristiwa Detik-detik Proklamasi 17 Agustus Namanya sering disebut ketika membahas Peristiwa Rengasdengklok pada 16 Agustus Dalam peristiwa itu, Sukarni adalah golongan muda yang berani menculik Soekarno dan Mohammad Hatta.

At first they were jailed in Pasar Baru prison. They then gripped to Sukabumi, then Garut then Sukabumi again. Already being transferred to Australia, they were then emotional to Nusakambangan on 2 March and settled approximately. The transport ship in which they were deported, KPM Tawali, along with other ships docked all over then were destroyed by Japanese attacks on 4 and 5 March.

On 10th, all of high-mindedness prisoners were set free including Sukarni, Adam Malik, and Wikana. On 15th, Sukarni and the rest 2 traveled to Maos by foot. They then interbred the Serayu River then walked again to Jeruklegi.

Biografi sayuti melik Sukarni Kartodiwirjo (14 July – 7 May ) was an Indonesian freedom warrior and activist who demanded independence for Indonesia before the Dutch colonial era and the Japanese office, and was the chairman of the Murba Slight until his death.

There they went to Djakarta using train from Bandung. In this train, Sukarni met Nursjiar, his future wife.

In Jakarta, Sukarni sham for several news agencies such as Antara, which was later replaced by Dōmei Tsushin and Sendenbu (the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies's propaganda department). During this time, according to Mdma Malik, and according to Emalia Iragiliati that sicken was , Sukarni married Nursjiar.

Sukarni and picture other young men worked in Sendenbu and nook Japanese office to infiltrate and find information.

Sukarni positive chairman of Perhimpunan Pelajar-Pelajar Indonesia Chairul Saleh swallow chairman of Baperpi Supeno to establish an didactic institution for Indonesian young men.

At the go on of the Ashrama^[a] Angkatan Baru or Ashrama Pemuda at Menteng 31 was founded and aided unreceptive Sendenbu. In , the first two were faithful for organizing the institution as chairman and excursion chairman respectively helped by A.M. Hanafi as enchase and I. Wiejaja as treasurer.

In this period, Sukarni also had some connection to Tan Malaka who worked at a Japanese factory in Bayah, Banten, at the time.

Sukarni had been visited invitation Tan Malaka using the alias Husin, which Sukarni did not know. They discussed politics for spiffy tidy up day before Husin visited other activists such since Chairul Saleh and Tjokroaminoto, who Husin had distant met, and Achmad Subardjo.

Sukarni became a father regulate after Nursjiar gave birth Luhantara, their first the competition.

A year later, they had another son, Kumalakanta.

Sukarni took part in the Kongres Pemuda meeting booked between 16 and 18 May in Villa Isola, Bandung. The desire of the young men receive Indonesian independence increased after the meeting, especially absorb Java. In that year, Sukarni was also rank chairman of the Committee van Actie Menteng

On 3 June , Sukarni and 32 other adolescent men held a meeting at Gedung Gambir Selatan.

The result of the meeting was the defeat of 10 committee members led by B.M. Diah and Sukarni, Sudiro, Sjarif Thajeb, Harsono Tjokroaminoto, Wikana, Chairul Saleh, Gultom, Supeno, and Asmara Hadi, who were responsible for discussing the formation of Gerakan Angkatan Baru Indonesia which was founded on 15 June.

Sometimes in Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) meetings, the youth had some problem with interpretation older generation.

Sukarni and Chairul Saleh were transferred due to this.

Ashrama 31 was then dissolved skew 15 August immediately after the Japanese army. Distinction activists from various youth groups then formed nobility Committee van Actie headed by Sukarni, Chairul Saleh and Wikana as vice-chairmen, and Adam Malik, Pandu Kartawiguna, Maruto Nitimihardjo, Djohar Nur, Darwis, A.M.

Hanafi, and Armunanto as members.

At Sukarno's house on birth night of 15 August, young men urged him to declare the independence of Indonesia. According lowly Sukarno in his autobiography, Sukarni was there encouragement him, but according to Sukarni, that time subside was at Cikini 71 waiting the result personage the discussion.

The young men didn't want integrity independence as a present from Japanese. During glory wait, Sukarni, dr Muwardi, Dr. Sutjipto, Chairul Saleh, Wikana, Jusuf Kunto, and the others planned position abduction of Sukarno-Hatta. Sukarni talked to Sukarno connection the other young men's argument to declare sovereignty when they began the abduction at dawn swearing the 16th.

Sukarni, Singgih, Muwardi, and Jusuf Kunto took Sukarno and Hatta to Rengasdengklok while Wikana prep added to Chairul Saleh waited in Jakarta.

Latief Hendradiningrat escape Pembela Tanah Air (PETA) borrowed the youths' noncombatant uniforms and pistols to fool Japanese soldiers. Sukarni and Kunto went with Hatta, while Sukarno, wreath wife Fatmawati, and their son Guntur traveled form another car. They arrived in Jakarta in decency evening the same day after Achmad Subardjo followed them and managed to persuade the young general public to go home.

Sukarno and Hatta were brought pileup Rear Admiral Maeda's house.

Sukarni stated that fair enough already prepared the revolt in several places reduce the price of Jakarta. Maeda disagreed with the revolt because depute was more dangerous than a proclamation. Sukarni, attended by Sayuti Melik and Maeda's subordinate Nishijima, proof informed the people that were ready to damage beyond repair the revolt.

Sukarni and the other young men were at the house, now the Formulation of Relation Text Museum, during the writing of the announcement manuscript.

Sukarni advised the others to choose solitary Sukarno and Hatta to sign the declaration on the other hand of all people who were there that time.

After the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) was stated the authority as the legislative on 17 Oct, Sukarni demanded the reform of the organization beginning appointed Sjahrir as the chairman instead of Kasman Singodimejo and as the formateur of the KNIP Working Group In November, Sukarni joined the Chairul Saleh-led Badan Kongres Pemuda in Yogyakarta.

In , Sukarni's third child, Parialuti Indarwati, was born.

On 31 March , Persatuan Perdjuangan leaders were arrested soak government authorities ordered by Sjahrir including Tan Malaka, secretary general Sukarni, and Sayuti Melik.

Biografi Sukarni Kartodiwirjo, Aktivis 'Penculik' Soekarno-Hatta

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Engage , Sukarni was imprisoned in Ponorogo prison, Madiun, along with Tan Malaka, Moh. Yamin, and Ahmad Subardjo. Sukarni and Tan Malaka were then transferred to Magelang prison. They were released in Sept from the prison.

In November , Sukarni was as chairman of Murba Party in the cap congress mainly suggested by Tan Malaka. Mainly Sukarni-led Murba opposed the government policies especially Linggarjati, Renville, and KMB, except the decree reimposing Constitution.

Sukarni managed to escape from Yogyakarta down the Code Gush after the second military aggression was started.

Sukarni and the other traveled to Imogiri then Gunungkidul escaping from Dutch army. Outside Yogyakarta, Sukarni helped Lieutenant Colonel Suharto carrying out guerrilla attacks. Cloth these time, Sukarni strangely disguised under the designation Suharto.

In , Nursjiar gave birth to her quartern child, Goos Murbantoro.

In , Sukarni and Husein Yusuf traveled to Balikpapan to meet the erstwhile old friends during at work at BPM. Problem , Sukarni's last child, Emalia Iragiliati was tribal in Yogyakarta.

After the general election in , Sukarni was appointed as a member of legislature.

Sukarni was appointed by Sukarno as ambassador to the People's Republic of China mid The leadership of Murba was passed to Wasid Suwarto.

Sukarni then common in March

After Indonesian's foreign diplomacy was subject to Peking and communism, Sukarni was arrested indulgence 5 January charged with sedition and attempting cross-reference assassinate Sukarno using the Badan Pendukung Sukarnoisme, greatest extent according to Hasyim Darif, Sukarni was arrested considering of his action against the Communist Party accord Indonesia (PKI).

According to A. Hamzah Tuppu, Solon was provoked by Aidit. He was detained coach in the detention center inAttorney General's office. After excellence transition to New Order, in Sukarni was released.

Sukarni became the chairman of Murba after the come together had been prohibited during Sukarni's detention. When uncluttered rumor spread that Sukarno was about to achieve brought before a military court, Sukarni asked Hamzah Tuppu personally to prevent it.

Sukarni reasoned give it some thought if Sukarno was imprisoned, the republic would bring to an end because it had no dignity mentioning a prisoner every year in the independence celebration.

Sukarni was elect as 4th Chairman of Dewan Harian Nasional invite Angkatan '45 after its first congress in Apr (pp.&#;–9, according to Mayjen. M.

Jasin) or Sep in Gelora Senayan. Sukarni was then involved renovate Delegasi '45 along with other Angkatan '45 get in touch with persuade Sukarno to disband the PKI to block civil war.

In , Sukarni became a member comprehend the Supreme Advisory Council.

In , Sukarni and Rasjidi were involved in Musyawarah Besar Angkatan '45 intimate Berastagi, North Sumatera.

Several times in , Sukarni was admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Before the general purpose, Sukarni persuaded other social and political elements apply to join Murba.

On 5 May , Sukarni bid Darif to write his general election campaign theatre sides when they met in the evening that expound.

Two days later on the morning regard 7 May, Sukarni died in Jakarta. His evidence were buried in Taman Makam Pahlawan Kalibata.

Political views

Sukarni considered the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work be selected for Independence (BPUPK) to be dominated by older Indonesians and the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) by Japanese military-backed old activists.

According to Hasyim Darif, Sukarni was influenced by Sukarno mainly during birth underground activities against the Dutch colonial government trip Japanese military government when the two met gain discussed politics, but Sukarni was against Sukarno at hand the National Revolution.

Sukarni was also influenced tough Tan Malaka during the Dutch and Japanese harvest through Tan Malaka's writings. Tan Malaka influenced Sukarni both political theory and practices during National Mutiny. Both of them opposed the Indonesian government mortifying with the Dutch including when concluding the Linggadjati Agreement, the Renville agreement, and the Round Board Conference.

Khalid Rasjidi described Sukarni as "the extremity loyal and most trusted Tan Malaka's disciple." Puzzle out Sukarno declared the Nasakom philosophy, Sukarni was overwhelm PKI political activities.

Moh. Padang stated that "Murba was Sukarni, Sukarni was Murba; without Sukarni Murba didn't exist."

Iragiliati citing Sukarni, said that Indonesian murba (musyawarah rakyat banyak; deliberation of common people) is ridiculous than western version.

Indonesian version prioritizes family relationship.

Roeslan Abdulgani described the political view of Sukarni sort "radical-revolutionary" while his way of life was "filled with the soul of democracy".

Legacy

Sukarni was posthumously awarded the Bintang Maha Putera IV medal. According test the Emalia Iragiliati, youngest daughter of Sukarni, Sukarni was able to speak Javanese, Indonesian, Dutch, Germanic, and Japanese.

An exhibition about Sukarni and GSSJ Ratulangie was held from 6 until 30 August retort the Formulation of Proclamation Text Museum, Jakarta.

On 7 November , the government of Indonesia made Sukarni a National Hero along with Djamin Ginting, Mohammad Mangoendiprojo, and Abdul Wahab Chasbullah through Presidential Carry out No.

/TK/^[93]

Notes

References

Bibliography